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William Devereux, Baron Devereux of Lyonshall, was an important Marcher Lord, and held Lyonshall Castle controlling a strategically vital approach to the border of Wales in the time of Edward I and Edward II. He was the first of this family officially called to Parliament, and was ancestor to John Devereux, 1st Baron Devereux of Whitchurch Maund, the Devereux Earls of Essex, and the Devereux Viscounts of Hereford. His coat of arms was the same as his father's and described as "argent, fess and three roundels in chief gules" which passed to the descendants of his first wife, the Devereux of Bodenham; or "gules od un fesse d'argent ove turteaus d'argent en le chief" which passed to the descendants of his second wife, the Devereux of Frome.〔Thomas D. Tremlett, Hugh Stanford London, and Sir Anthony Wagner. ''Rolls of Arms, Henry III.'' (Oxford, The University Press, 1957). page 123〕〔The arms of the Devereux family of Bodenham with tinctures reversed.〕 == Birth and Early Life == William Devereux was born about 1244, the son of the powerful marcher lord, William Devereux,〔Morgan G. Watkins. ''Collections Towards the History and Antiquities of the County of Hereford in continuation of Duncumb’s History, Hundred of Radlow.'' (High Town (): Jakeman & Carver, 1902). Page 42 to 49. Parish of Castle Frome, Genealogy contributed by Lord Hereford〕 and an unknown woman. His mother died while he has still a young child, and his father married a second time to Maud de Giffard about 1258. After his father’s death while in rebellion at the Battle of Evesham on 4 August 1265, his inheritance was forfeited. Benefitting from the support of her brother, Walter de Giffard, who became the Chancellor of England, William’s stepmother, Maud, was able to regain some of the family assets. In October 1265 King Henry III instructed the Treasurer of Hereford to return a jeweled harness William’s father had entrusted to him prior to the battle. The King further committed Frome, Holme Lacy, Wilby, Oxenhall, and 15 pounds of revenue from Lower Hayton for her maintenance, and her brother, Walter de Giffard granted the manors to Maud for life. In 1268 Robert le Paneter restored to her his lands in Trumpington and quieted his claim until the lawful age of the heirs of Richard de la Bere. Thomas de Solers also indicated he had given Maud the property of Worldende. The remainder of William’s father’s estates was granted to Roger Mortimer (1st Baron Mortimer). These included Lyonshall castle, and the manors of Ballingham, Luntley, Lawton, Whitchurch Maund, and Cheddar. Lawton was already in Roger’s hands as part of the collateral pledged for the ransom of Adam le Despencer that had not been returned to his father. With the Dictum of Kenilworth in Oct 1266, the terms for William Devereux to regain his father’s lands was outlined. Exclusions were made for his mother, and the terms are described in the Curia Regis Roll from 51 Henry III (membrane 32) below: ''Whereas because of the trespasses which William de Evereus who stood with the King in the Battle of Lewes, was said to have done afterwards against the King and Edward his son, the King after his death gave his lands as he gave the lands of other adversaries in the time of the disturbance in the realm, and by the form of the award of Kenilworth, the King has power of making ordinances upon the state of such disinherited persons; he ordains that, as William the son and heir of the said William is prepared to stand to the said award to have his lands back, he shall pay within three years the ransom thereof to those to whom it belongs, to wit, the extent thereof for three years, so that according to the quantity of money he pays he shall have restitution of the said lands; saving to Maud late the wife of the said William for her life the assignment made to her of the said lands for the maintenance of herself and her children.'' 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「William Devereux, Baron Devereux of Lyonshall」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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